Agriculture and the type of agriculture is the method of producing food, fiber, and many other desired products by cultivating certain plants varieties. The actual practice of agriculture is defined by the term "farming". In the field of agriculture and production of agricultural products, sometimes requires large farms and animals, large resources such as pesticides, fertilizers and more. It also requires high level of mechanization. These techniques in the field of agriculture are aims to maximize the financial income from the grain production, and livestock production. In today’s world, there many extensions are there in the field of agriculture, thus, the modern agricultural field and its production for humans and animal is much needed and many of the lives are depending on the agricultural methods and its production
Other agricultural productions such as timers, fertilizers, animal feeds, industrial chemicals such as starch, sugar, cotton, wool, hemp, silk, flowers, drug products such as tobacco, opium, cocaine and more. In the field of agriculture, it is mainly includes agricultural chemistry and there is a much need of the utilization of chemical fertilizers, chemical insecticides, chemical fungicides, and other agricultural products. From the influence of the western countries, the process of green revolution has developed many ways in the farming changes throughout the world. There are some great changes in the agriculture which includes hydroponics, hybridization, plant breeding, manipulating genes, managing soil nutrients, and more. Genetic engineering has gained various benefits such as highest growth yield, disease resistance and more. A modified seed grows faster and it can be grown up in an extensive growing area. As of 2006, 36% of the world’s total workers are employed in agriculture. Still, the importance of farming has dropped gradually from the time of industrialization.
Agriculture is known as the most common activities in the world, but it is not uniform, and it may vary based on many requirements and style of work. There are a number of ways and methods to classify agriculture, and some of the major criteria which can be adopted include:
The following are the main types of agriculture around the world.
In shifting agricultural practice, it is carried out by means of cleaning forest method. Agriculture is practiced till the fertility of the farm is exhausted.
Usually, a kind of plant varieties such as plant, tuber crops like yam, tapioca and root crops are raised and being practiced mainly in tribal areas.
In this type of subsistence agriculture, farmer of the farm and his family make cereals for themselves and for local market.
Cereals such as wheat, rice, millets are chiefly raised. This is experienced in most parts of India even nowadays.
Intensive farming intends at the maximum level of possible crop production on the limited farms with all possible efforts under suitable conditions.
The method of intensive farming is responsible for augmenting more than one crop for a year.
Huge range of human labor is employed on every hectare of land.
This method is being practiced in the densely populated areas.
Extensive farming is known as the modern system of farming practice being done on larger areas.
It is also recognized as mechanical farming practice because of the extensive use of equipments and machineries.
Extensive farm is responsible to raise only one crop for a year.
It is experienced in sparsely populated areas in USA, Australia, Russia and more.
In plantation agricultural process, bushes or tree farming is practiced on larger areas.
This method of agricultural practice need a great ability, technical skill, enhanced machineries, fertilizers, irrigation and transport conveniences.
This method of plantation agriculture is being practiced in the states of Kerala, Karnataka, Assam and Maharashtra.
Plantation agriculture requires a long growing period, larger machineries and high experience.
Commercial Agricultural method is being experienced for raising crops production on a larger scale with a view of exporting them to other countries with the aim of earning money.
Commercial agriculture is carried out mainly in sparsely populated areas.
The main aim of commercial agriculture is to sell and gain money.
This commercial agriculture is being practiced in many states of India such as in Haryana, Gujarat, Punjab and Maharashtra.
There are some specific crops varieties which come under this type of farming practice such as wheat, cotton, sugarcane, corn etc. are recognized as some of the commercial crops.
In this type of dry land farming, the moisture condition of the firm is stabilized by means of raising special type of crop varieties.
There are some of the crop varieties which can be grown under dry land farming practices such as gramjowar, bajra and peas are such crops which require less water.
This method is being practiced in dried areas of the country such as western, north-western India and central India.
And also it is mainly practiced in the low rainfall areas of the country or where there is insufficient irrigation facility.
Wet land farming is based on raining, so it is being practiced in high rainfall areas or well irrigated areas.
In this wet land farming practice, rice, jute and sugarcane are grown-up.
This type of farming is common in the north, north-eastern India and on the Western Ghats.
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